diff --git a/src/testing/module-mock-lifecycle-tracking.test.ts b/src/testing/module-mock-lifecycle-tracking.test.ts
index b7a48c619..024e0610c 100644
--- a/src/testing/module-mock-lifecycle-tracking.test.ts
+++ b/src/testing/module-mock-lifecycle-tracking.test.ts
@@ -113,6 +113,49 @@ describe("installModuleMockLifecycle active-test tracking", () => {
     ])
   })
 
+  test("treats module-evaluation mocks from another file as persistent while a different test is active", () => {
+    // given
+    const events: string[] = []
+    let callerStack = "Error\n    at file:///repo/tests/first.test.ts:5:1\n    at test (native:1:11)"
+    let callerUrl = "file:///repo/tests/first.test.ts"
+    const mockApi = {
+      module: (specifier: string, factory: () => Record<string, unknown>) => {
+        events.push(`module:${specifier}:${String(factory().named)}`)
+      },
+      restore: mock(() => {
+        events.push("delegate:restore")
+      }),
+    }
+
+    const { beginTestMockTracking, endTestMockTracking } = installModuleMockLifecycle(mockApi, {
+      getCallerStack: () => callerStack,
+      getCallerUrl: () => callerUrl,
+      trackOnlyDuringActiveTest: true,
+      isPersistentModuleMockOwner: () => true,
+      resolveSpecifier: (specifier, ownerUrl) => `resolved:${ownerUrl}:${specifier}`,
+      loadOriginalModule: () => ({ ok: true, value: { named: "original" } }),
+    })
+
+    beginTestMockTracking()
+    callerStack = "Error\n    at file:///repo/tests/second.test.ts:5:1\n    at moduleEvaluation (native:1:11)"
+    callerUrl = "file:///repo/tests/second.test.ts"
+    mockApi.module("./dependency", () => ({ named: "top-level second" }))
+
+    // when
+    callerStack = "Error\n    at file:///repo/tests/first.test.ts:10:1\n    at cleanup (native:1:11)"
+    callerUrl = "file:///repo/tests/first.test.ts"
+    mockApi.restore()
+    endTestMockTracking()
+
+    // then
+    expect(events).toEqual([
+      "module:./dependency:top-level second",
+      "delegate:restore",
+      "module:./dependency:top-level second",
+      "module:resolved:file:///repo/tests/second.test.ts:./dependency:top-level second",
+    ])
+  })
+
   test("clears persistent module-evaluation snapshots when restore runs while inactive", () => {
     // given
     const events: string[] = []
diff --git a/src/testing/module-mock-lifecycle.ts b/src/testing/module-mock-lifecycle.ts
index 992888136..c2e214cca 100644
--- a/src/testing/module-mock-lifecycle.ts
+++ b/src/testing/module-mock-lifecycle.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { createRequire } from "node:module"
 import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url"
-import { defaultGetCallerStack, resolveCallerUrlFromStack } from "./module-mock-stack"
+import { defaultGetCallerStack, isModuleEvaluationStack, resolveCallerUrlFromStack } from "./module-mock-stack"
 import { createRestoreExports } from "./module-mock-restore-exports"
 
 type MockModuleFactory = () => Record<string, unknown>
@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ export function installModuleMockLifecycle(
   let lastRestoredSnapshots: ModuleSnapshot[] = []
   let isActiveTest = !options.trackOnlyDuringActiveTest
   let hasStartedTest = false
+  let activeTestOwnerUrl: string | null = null
   const delegateModule = mockApi.module.bind(mockApi)
   const delegateRestore = mockApi.restore.bind(mockApi)
   const getCallerStack = options.getCallerStack ?? defaultGetCallerStack
@@ -200,18 +201,27 @@ export function installModuleMockLifecycle(
   function beginTestMockTracking(): void {
     hasStartedTest = true
     isActiveTest = true
+    const callerStack = getCallerStack()
+    activeTestOwnerUrl = getCallerUrl(callerStack)
   }
 
   function endTestMockTracking(): void {
     isActiveTest = !options.trackOnlyDuringActiveTest
+    activeTestOwnerUrl = null
   }
 
   mockApi.module = (specifier: string, factory: MockModuleFactory): unknown => {
     lastRestoredSnapshots = []
     const callerStack = getCallerStack()
     const callerUrl = getCallerUrl(callerStack)
+    const isParallelFileEvaluationMock =
+      isActiveTest &&
+      options.trackOnlyDuringActiveTest === true &&
+      activeTestOwnerUrl !== null &&
+      callerUrl !== activeTestOwnerUrl &&
+      isModuleEvaluationStack(callerStack)
 
-    if (!isActiveTest && isPersistentModuleMockOwner(callerUrl)) {
+    if ((!isActiveTest || isParallelFileEvaluationMock) && isPersistentModuleMockOwner(callerUrl)) {
       const resolvedSpecifier = resolveSpecifier(specifier, callerUrl)
       const snapshotsByOwner = persistentSnapshots.get(resolvedSpecifier) ?? new Map<string, PersistentModuleSnapshot>()
       const existingSnapshot = snapshotsByOwner.get(callerUrl)